解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::During early embryogenesis, cells must exit pluripotency and commit to multiple lineages in all germ-layers. How this transition is operated in vivo is poorly understood. Here, we report that MEK1 and the Nanog-related transcription factor Ventx2 coordinate this transition. MEK1 was required to make Xenopus pluripoten...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.21526
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::The diaphragm muscle is essential for breathing in mammals. Its asymmetric elevation during contraction correlates with morphological features suggestive of inherent left-right (L/R) asymmetry. Whether this asymmetry is due to L versus R differences in the muscle or in the phrenic nerve activity is unknown. Here, we h...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.18481
更新日期:2017-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The ellipsoid body (EB) in the Drosophila brain is a central complex (CX) substructure that harbors circumferentially laminated ring (R) neuron axons and mediates multifaceted sensory integration and motor coordination functions. However, what regulates R axon lamination and how lamination affects R neuron function re...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25328
更新日期:2017-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Spore killers in fungi are selfish genetic elements that distort Mendelian segregation in their favor. It remains unclear how many species harbor them and how diverse their mechanisms are. Here, we discover two spore killers from a natural isolate of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Both killers belong to ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.26057
更新日期:2017-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::A protein called P36 holds the key to how different species of malaria parasite invade liver cells. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.28600
更新日期:2017-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Myelin, made by oligodendrocytes, is essential for rapid information transfer in the central nervous system. Oligodendrocyte precursors (OPs) receive glutamatergic synaptic input from axons but how this affects their development is unclear. Murine OPs in white matter express AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunits GluA2, GluA3...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.28080
更新日期:2017-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::SUMO1-conjugation of proteins at neuronal synapses is considered to be a major post-translational regulatory process in nerve cell and synapse function, but the published evidence for SUMO1-conjugation at synapses is contradictory. We employed multiple genetic mouse models for stringently controlled biochemical and im...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.26338
更新日期:2017-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The straight-tusked elephants Palaeoloxodon spp. were widespread across Eurasia during the Pleistocene. Phylogenetic reconstructions using morphological traits have grouped them with Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), and many paleontologists place Palaeoloxodon within Elephas. Here, we report the recovery of full mit...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25413
更新日期:2017-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) expresses a broad-spectrum β-lactamase (BlaC) that mediates resistance to one of the highly effective antibacterials, β-lactams. Nonetheless, β-lactams showed mycobactericidal activity in combination with β-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanate (Clav). However, the mechanistic aspects of ho...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25624
更新日期:2017-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Adhesion molecules hold cells together but also couple cell membranes to a contractile actomyosin network, which limits the expansion of cell contacts. Despite their fundamental role in tissue morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis, how adhesion molecules control cell shapes and cell patterns in tissues remains unclear....
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22796
更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cytoplasmic dyneins are motor proteins in the AAA+ superfamily that transport cellular cargos toward microtubule minus-ends. Recently, ciliobrevins were reported as selective cell-permeable inhibitors of cytoplasmic dyneins. As is often true for first-in-class inhibitors, the use of ciliobrevins has in part been limit...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25174
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis of worldwide human genetic variation reveals the footprints of ancient changes in genomic mutation processes. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.27605
更新日期:2017-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium sporozoites, the mosquito-transmitted forms of the malaria parasite, first infect the liver for an initial round of replication before the emergence of pathogenic blood stages. Sporozoites represent attractive targets for antimalarial preventive strategies, yet the mechanisms of parasite entry into hepatocy...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25903
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::IRE1α is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized endonuclease activated by misfolded proteins in the ER. Previously, we demonstrated that IRE1α forms a complex with the Sec61 translocon, to which its substrate XBP1u mRNA is recruited for cleavage during ER stress (Plumb et al., 2015). Here, we probe IRE1α complexes in...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.27187
更新日期:2017-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Engineered molecules based on human cytokines have potential uses in research and medicine. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.27198
更新日期:2017-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::New ages for flowstone, sediments and fossil bones from the Dinaledi Chamber are presented. We combined optically stimulated luminescence dating of sediments with U-Th and palaeomagnetic analyses of flowstones to establish that all sediments containing Homo naledi fossils can be allocated to a single stratigraphic ent...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.24231
更新日期:2017-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Sparse, sequential patterns of neural activity have been observed in numerous brain areas during timekeeping and motor sequence tasks. Inspired by such observations, we construct a model of the striatum, an all-inhibitory circuit where sequential activity patterns are prominent, addressing the following key challenges...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.26084
更新日期:2017-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::The Hippo-YAP pathway is a central regulator of cell contact inhibition, proliferation and death. There are conflicting reports regarding the role of Angiomotin (Amot) in regulating this pathway. While some studies suggest a YAP-inhibitory function other studies indicate Amot is required for YAP activity. Here, we des...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23966
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor TCF7L1 is an embryonic stem cell signature gene that is upregulated in multiple aggressive cancer types, but its role in skin tumorigenesis has not yet been defined. Here we document TCF7L1 upregulation in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and demonstrate that TCF7L1 overexpression increases ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23242
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::While specific mutations allow organisms to adapt to stressful environments, most changes in an organism's DNA negatively impact fitness. The mutation rate is therefore strictly regulated and often considered a slowly-evolving parameter. In contrast, we demonstrate an unexpected flexibility in cellular mutation rates ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22939
更新日期:2017-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::The non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway plays important roles in embryonic development, tissue formation and diseases. However, it is unclear how the Wnt ligand-stimulated, G protein-coupled receptor Frizzled activates phospholipases for calcium release. Here, we report that the zebrafish/human phosphatidylinosit...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.26362
更新日期:2017-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::The equilibrium between proliferation and quiescence of myogenic progenitor and stem cells is tightly regulated to ensure appropriate skeletal muscle growth and repair. The non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase Ptpn11 (Shp2) is an important transducer of growth factor and cytokine signals. Here we combined complex genetic...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.21552
更新日期:2017-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::DNA is a remarkably precise medium for copying and storing biological information. This high fidelity results from the action of hundreds of genes involved in replication, proofreading, and damage repair. Evolutionary theory suggests that in such a system, selection has limited ability to remove genetic variants that ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.24284
更新日期:2017-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Post-transcriptional control by small regulatory RNA (sRNA) is critical for rapid adaptive processes. sRNAs can directly modulate mRNA degradation in Proteobacteria without interfering with translation. However, Firmicutes have a fundamentally different set of ribonucleases for mRNA degradation and whether sRNAs can r...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23602
更新日期:2017-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli DNA replication machinery has been used as a road map to uncover design rules that enable DNA duplication with high efficiency and fidelity. Although the enzymatic activities of the replicative DNA Pol III are well understood, its dynamics within the replisome are not. Here, we test the accepted v...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23932
更新日期:2017-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::MFN2 encodes mitofusin 2, a membrane-bound mediator of mitochondrial membrane fusion and inter-organelle communication. MFN2 mutations cause axonal neuropathy, with associated lipodystrophy only occasionally noted, however homozygosity for the p.Arg707Trp mutation was recently associated with upper body adipose overgr...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23813
更新日期:2017-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Sequences of events are ubiquitous in sensory, motor, and cognitive function. Key computational operations, including pattern recognition, event prediction, and plasticity, involve neural discrimination of spatio-temporal sequences. Here, we show that synaptically-driven reaction-diffusion pathways on dendrites can pe...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25827
更新日期:2017-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Site-specific histone ubiquitylation plays a central role in orchestrating the response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs elicit a cascade of events controlled by the ubiquitin ligase RNF168, which promotes the accumulation of repair factors such as 53BP1 and BRCA1 on the chromatin flanking the break site. RNF1...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23872
更新日期:2017-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Rodents are emerging as increasingly popular models of visual functions. Yet, evidence that rodent visual cortex is capable of advanced visual processing, such as object recognition, is limited. Here we investigate how neurons located along the progression of extrastriate areas that, in the rat brain, run laterally to...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22794
更新日期:2017-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary restriction increases the longevity of many organisms, but the cell signaling and organellar mechanisms underlying this capability are unclear. We demonstrate that to permit long-term survival in response to sudden glucose depletion, yeast cells activate lipid-droplet (LD) consumption through micro-lipophagy (...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.21690
更新日期:2017-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The connection between gene loss and the functional adaptation of retained proteins is still poorly understood. We apply phylogenomics and metabolic modeling to detect bacterial species that are evolving by gene loss, with the finding that Actinomycetaceae genomes from human cavities are undergoing sizable reductions,...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22679
更新日期:2017-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::B-cell receptors form ordered clusters to recruit kinases and exclude phosphatases. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25375
更新日期:2017-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::The sequential activation of neurons has been observed in various areas of the brain, but in no case is the underlying network structure well understood. Here we examined the circuit anatomy of zebra finch HVC, a cortical region that generates sequences underlying the temporal progression of the song. We combined seri...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.24364
更新日期:2017-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The neural control of sugar consumption is critical for normal metabolism. In contrast to sugar-sensing taste neurons that promote consumption, we identify a taste neuron that limits sucrose consumption in Drosophila. Silencing of the neuron increases sucrose feeding; optogenetic activation decreases it. The feeding i...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.24992
更新日期:2017-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin is implicated in mood and affective disorders. However, growing evidence suggests that a core endogenous role is to promote flexible adaptation to changes in the causal structure of the environment, through behavioral inhibition and enhanced plasticity. We used long-term photometric recordings in mice to stu...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.20552
更新日期:2017-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::We wish to identify determinants of endothelial lineage. Murine embryonic stem cells (mESC) were fused with human endothelial cells in stable, non-dividing, heterokaryons. Using RNA-seq, it is possible to discriminate between human and mouse transcripts in these chimeric heterokaryons. We observed a temporal pattern o...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23588
更新日期:2017-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorylation of eIF2α controls translation initiation by restricting the levels of active eIF2-GTP/Met-tRNAi ternary complexes (TC). This modulates the expression of all eukaryotic mRNAs and contributes to the cellular integrated stress response. Key to controlling the activity of eIF2 are translation factors eIF2B...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.24542
更新日期:2017-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Journals and other scientific organizations produce a diverse variety of plain-language summaries. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25411
更新日期:2017-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive functions such as working memory (WM) are emergent properties of large-scale network interactions. Synchronisation of oscillatory activity might contribute to WM by enabling the coordination of long-range processes. However, causal evidence for the way oscillatory activity shapes network dynamics and behavio...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22001
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::The medial subnucleus of the amygdala (MeA) plays a central role in processing sensory cues required for innate behaviors. However, whether there is a link between developmental programs and the emergence of inborn behaviors remains unknown. Our previous studies revealed that the telencephalic preoptic area (POA) embr...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.21012
更新日期:2017-03-13 00:00:00